Dzmitry Navosha is a well-known journalist in Eastern Europe who founded the Belarussian sports publication Tribuna and co-founded the popular Russian website sports.ru. He is also viewed as a security threat by his government and has been sentenced in absentia to 12 years in prison.
According to The Russian Free Press, Navosha was deemed to be guilty of inciting social hatred and illegal disclosure of personal data regarding his alleged connection with the Black Book of Belarus Telegram account. The social media channel published information about security forces who violated the law and used violence against protesters during the controversial re-election of Alexander Lukashenko in 2020 which many have described as a sham. A report published by the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) said voting was ‘not transparent, free or fair’ and said human rights abuses “were found to be massive and systematic and proven beyond doubt”.
Those at the time who tried to criticize the Lukashenko regime faced a huge crackdown by authorities. One organization created at the time of the unrest was the Belarusian Sport Solidarity Fund (BSSF) which includes Navosha among its members. It aims to give financial and legal support to athletes who oppose or are under threat from the Belarusian government. Their most high-profile case involved sprinter Krystsina Tsimanouskaya who travelled to the Tokyo Olympics and was set to take part in the women’s 200M heats but was taken to the airport against her will after criticizing her national coaches. She subsequently went into exile and the BSSF found themselves to be deemed as an enemy of its homeland. Both of its founders, three-time Olympic medalist Aliaksandra Herasimenia and Aliaksandr Apei, have also been sentenced in absentia to 12 years in prison for the alleged crime of ‘actions aimed at harming Belarus’ national security.’
In the world of tennis, Lukashenko’s name has been brought up a few times in recent months due to Aryna Sabalenka, the reigning Australian Open champion who could potentially become world No.1 in the coming months. It was after her second round match at the French Open that she was quizzed about her support for her country’s president amid the war in Ukraine. Lukashenko is an ally of Russia and is accused of supporting the conflict. At the time she declined to speak about the topic and subsequently decided to make her subsequent two press conferences behind closed doors due to ‘mental health reasons.’ Then following her quarter-final win over Elina Svitolina, she finally gave her answer.
“I’m not supporting the war. I don’t want my country to be involved in any conflict.” She said.
“It’s a tough question. I mean, I don’t support the war, meaning I don’t support Lukashenko right now.”
But why is it this year that Sabalenka has come under such scrutiny for her ties to the president? It was back in 2020 when her name appeared on a pro-government letter critical of athletes who protested the election. At the time high-profile names such as WNBA finalist Elena Levchenko, decathlete Andrei Kravchenko and Herasimenya were among those who were detained by authorities.
“More than 40,000 Belarusians (including a dozen athletes) have gone through arrests and, in many cases, beatings in 2020. More than a dozen of those died whilst in the suppression or in prison,” Navosha tells Ubitennis.
“There are over 1,500 political prisoners in Lukashenka’s prisons now – politicians, journalists, human rights activists, businessmen, athletes, and Nobel laureates. Often they are in a critical condition. Lawyers and relatives can’t get access to them for months, and we don’t even know if some of them are still alive.”
Sabalenka has repeatedly said that she doesn’t want to get involved in politics and that her principal focus is on being a tennis player. Some have to wonder if her reluctance to speak out is linked to what others have had to endure in recent times. Although Navosha doesn’t see it this way.
“We do not know what Sabalenka is afraid of. She is living in Miami and is the richest athlete in Belarus. She has the means and the opportunity to live anywhere in the world.” He said.
“What we do know is the appalling conditions, comparable to Nazi concentration camps, thousands of Belarusians who have been jailed for political reasons are living in. And what a barbaric war Russia is continuing in Ukraine, with the support of the Belarusian dictator.”
Due to her sporting achievements, Sabalenka is one of her country’s most prestigious athletes. So far in her career, she has won 13 WTA titles and was runner-up at 10 other events. She has won more than 300 matches on the Tour and earned over $16M in prize money alone.
Whether she wanted to or not, it was always an inevitability that the 25-year-old would get caught out in politics due to her status. In April she told reporters in Stuttgart that remarks from Lukashenko about her in his speeches were ‘not helping.’
“We regularly see this in Belarus. The government’s narrative is: ‘The whole world is against Belarus and Russia, but we are strong and we are winning. So let’s rally around our leader Alexander Lukashenko and even more actively deal with the enemies of the state.’ Sabalenka’s victories are actively used by the Belarusian dictator to legitimize himself and justify his heavy repressions.” Navosha commented.
“Can Sabalenka stop herself from being used in government propaganda? I would say that yes, of course, she can. She can do so by condemning either the dictatorship of Lukashenka or the war he supports in Ukraine. As the experience of other numerous Belarusian sports stars who opposed the war and dictatorship shows, this instantly deprives the opportunity to use such an athlete as propaganda.”
Due to the ongoing war in Ukraine, it is easy to forget that Sabalenka’s relationship with her country is far more complex. This has unfortunately affected her mental health due to the questions she has faced from journalists. However, she will not always be able to avoid such scrutiny.
“Any person, in general, should be allowed to not have a public opinion about the war or a specific dictator,” Navosha said.
“But Sabalenka never used this right – and has regularly, repeatedly participated in propaganda events with Lukashenko, meeting with him, including, allegedly, on her own initiative. Or signing the letter in support of Lukashenko during the 2020 protests.”
“We understand that all this is not on the agenda in the Western world, especially with the start of a big war in Ukraine. Those tennis journalists who are satisfied with Sabalenka’s indirect answers at a press conference, do not know or have forgotten about this (the current political climate in Belarus). But this determines the attitude towards Sabalenka of the majority of Belarusians who are still against the dictatorship.”
In March this year, the United Nations Commissioner for Human Rights called for Belarus to stop their ‘systematic repression of perceived critics and immediately release all detainees held on political grounds.’ A report based on interviews with 207 victims and witnesses, as well as 2500 additional items of evidence, concluded that the beatings of those protesting the 2020 elections were approved by the government. Up to February 2023, 797 non-government organisations were shut down and another 432 chose to close amid fear of persecution. Most independent media outlets have also had to shut down.
On the court, Sabalenka will return to action at the French Open on Thursday when she will play Czech Republic’s Karolína Muchová in the semi-finals.
